C.1. Is a physician required to respect the patient’s refusal of life-sustaining treatment C.2. Is passive euthanasia (Refraining from performing an act, for reasons of compassion, that results in the death of a person—refraining from initiating life-sustained treatment) lawful? C.3. Is active euthanasia (taking positive steps to end life) lawful? C.4. Is physician-assisted suicide (patient ends own life with assistance of a physician) lawful? C.5. Are advance directives enforceable?